  Gao-Xiuli-vestnik-2025-2-ru.pdf |
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- Modern Chinese historiography of scientific transfer between the USSR and the PRC in the 1950s
- Gao Xiuli. Modern Chinese historiography of scientific transfer between the USSR and the PRC in the 1950s. Vestnik of Kostroma State University, 2025, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 61–68. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2025-31-2-61-68
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.34216/1988-0817-2025-31-2-61-68
- УДК: 94(510)”1950”
- EDN: HFLQCU
- Publish date: 2025-03-14
- Annotation: The article systematises the results of research of the scientific transfer between the USSR and the People’s Republic of China in the 1950s by modern Chinese historians. The author analyses Li Tao, Zhang Baichun, Shen Zhihua, etc. monographs devoted to various aspects of the Soviet-Chinese scientific and technological transfer. The main research topics and discussions are highlighted. It is shown that many Chinese scholars recognise the great role of Soviet assistance to Chinese science and education in the 1950s and early 1960s. The Chinese historiography paid attention both to the analysis of the general context of this assistance and to the description of the daily life of Chinese students in the USSR, on the one hand, and that of Soviet specialists in China, on the other. At the same time, there is a trend in Chinese historiography whose representatives focus on the political aspects of USSR-PRC cooperation, emphasise that the Soviet Union had its own interests (not only academic), and note the “inequality” of this exchange. The author concludes that the research of the history of the Sino-Soviet scientific transfer in the 1950s and 1960s contributes to understanding the historical evolution of Sino-Soviet relations, the common historical and cultural heritage of both countries, thereby laying a solid foundation for the development of relations between the two countries in the future.
- Keywords: USSR, People’s Republic of China, Chinese historiography, scientific transfer, history of high education, training in USSR, history of science and technology
- Literature list: Gavrilyuk A.V. Sushhnost', formy realizacii i funkcional'noe naznachenie transfera tehnologij [Essence, forms of implementation and functional purpose of technology transfer]. Jekonomika i upravlenie narodnym hozjajstvom [Economics and management of national economy], 2018, no. 4, pp. 15–20. (In Russ.) Ganin M.A. Istoriografija transfera promyshlennyh tehnologij v pervoj treti HH veka [Historiography of industrial technology transfer in the first third of the twentieth century]. Istoricheskie issledovanija [Genesis, historical research], 2022, no. 8, pp. 1–14. (In Russ.) Kuvshinov S.В. Nauchno-tehnicheskaja politika SSSR v oblasti transfera tehnologij v jepohu poslevoennoj modernizacii. Seredina 1940-h – seredina 1950-h gg. avtoreferat Dissertacii kandidata istoricheskih Nauk [Scientific and technical policy of the USSR in the field of technology transfer in the era of post-war modernization. The mid-1940s - mid-1950s Dissertation Abstract of Candidate of Historical Sciences]. Moscow, 2012, 56 p. (In Russ.) Li Peng. Obuchenie za rubezhom i stroitel'stvo: issledovanie obuchenija v Sovetskom Sojuze v rannij period novogo Kitaja [Overseas learning and construction: a study of learning in the Soviet Union in the early period of new China]. Shanghai, Shanghai Jiaotong University Press Publ., 2016, 228 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Li Tao. Izvlechenie uroka i razvitie: Issledovanie kitajsko-sovetskih obrazovatel'nyh otnoshenij [Lesson involvement and development: A study of Sino-Soviet educational relations]. Zhejian, Zhejiang Education Publ. House, 2006, 348 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Luo Shixu. Ot medovogo mesjaca do antipatii – sovetskie jeksperty v Kitae [From Honeymoon to Antipathy – Soviet Experts in China]. Beijing, World Knowledge Publ. House, 1999, 786 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Tian Tao. Istorii obuchenija za rubezhom [Histories of study abroad]. Guangzhou, Guangdong Education Publ. House, 2010, 716 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Huang Liqun. Stoletnjaja istorija obuchenija v Sovetskom Sojuze (Rossii) [One hundred years of education in the Soviet Union (Russia)]. Beijing, Publ. House of Chinese Literature and History, 2002, 245 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) He Dongchang. Osnovnye obrazovatel'nye dokumenty Kitajskoj Narodnoj Respubliki (1949–1975) [Basic Educational Documents of the People's Republic of China (1949-1975)]. Haikou, Hainan Publ. House, 1998, 1555 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Jiang Bo. Istorija mezhdunarodnogo obmena i sotrudnichestva v obrazovanii [History of International Exchange and Cooperation in Education]. Hainan, Hainan Publ. House, 2001, 346 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Qin Hongwei. O politizacii kitajsko-sovetskih jekonomicheskih otnoshenij v 1950-e gody: rezul'taty, prichiny i posledstvija – primer sovetskoj jekonomicheskoj pomoshhi Kitaju [On the politicization of Sino-Soviet economic relations in the 1950s: results, causes and consequences – the case of Soviet economic aid to China]. Zhurnal Gessenskogo kolledzha [Journal of Hessen College], 2005, no. 3, pp. 41-44. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Zhang Baichun. Peredacha tehnologij iz Sovetskogo Sojuza v Kitaj. 1949-1966 gg. [Technology transfer from the Soviet Union to China. 1949-1966]. Shandong, Shandong Educational Publ. House, 2005, 529 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Zhou Hong. Inostrannaja pomoshh' Kitaju [Foreign Aid for China]. Beijing, Social Science Literature Publishing House, 2013, 390 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Zhou Shanwen. Volna studentov, obuchavshihsja v Sovetskom Sojuze v rannij period novogo Kitaja: fakty i razmyshlenija [The wave of students who studied in the Soviet Union in the early period of new China: facts and reflections]. Shanghai, East China Normal University Press Publ., 2012, 244 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Zhu Xun. Nadezhda na tebja: Vospominanija o godah prebyvanija v Sovetskom Sojuze [Hope for you: Memories of the years in the Soviet Union]. Beijing, Chinese Youth Publ. House, 1997, 435 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Shan Gang, Wang Yinghui. Gody proleteli bystro: hronika kitajskih studentov, obuchavshihsja v Sovetskom Sojuze [Years Passed Fast: A Chronicle of Chinese Students Studying in the Soviet Union]. Beijing, Central Compilation Publ. House, 2007, 263 p. (in Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli). Shen Zhihua. Izbrannye rossijskie arhivy (Kitajsko-sovetskie otnoshenija): v 10 t. [Selected Russian Archives (Sino-Soviet Relations): in 10 vols.]. Shanghai, Oriental Central Publ. House, 2015, 4326 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Shen Zhihua. Sovetskie specialisty v Kitae (1948-1960 gg.) [Soviet Specialists in China (1948-1960)]. Beijing, China International Broadcasting Publ. House, 2003, 447 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Yu Zixia. Jevoljucija kitajsko-rossijskogo (sovetskogo) obrazovatel'nogo obmena [The Evolution of Sino-Russian (Soviet) Educational Exchange]. Shandong, Shandong Education Publ. House, 2010, 336 p. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli) Yang Zexi, Zuo Shiyuan. Popytka analiza sovetskoj jekonomicheskoj pomoshhi Kitaju v nachal'nyj period stanovlenija KNR [An Attempt to Analyze Soviet Economic Assistance to China in the Initial Period of China's Establishment]. Zhurnal Tehnologicheskogo instituta Huanshi, Gumanitarnye i obshhestvennye nauki [Journal of Huangshi Institute of Technology, Humanities and Social Sciences], 2010, no. 4, pp. 51-55. (In Chinese, translated by Gao Xiuli)